James Lawyers

. ! . Nineteenth century 5.4 Houses of worship 8 Demographics The City of Toronto is legally bound by the City of Toronto Act an Ontario law it lays down the division of powers responsibilities and required duties of the corporation the City Council is the only power able to enact Toronto laws known as "by-laws" which govern the actions of the corporation and/or matters within its jurisdiction such as administration of the Canadian Criminal Code within its borders the Council itself forms several committees after every election to divide the administration of the corporation The Council also forms several "Community Councils" which hear matters relating to narrower district issues such as building permits and developments requiring changes to zoning by-laws Community Council decisions as well as those of the Mayor must be approved by City Council at regular sessions The top civil servant in the corporation is the City Manager who reports to the Mayor and City Council Prior to 2005 the city had various departments headed by Commissioners These heads were simplified by replacing the departments with divisions each headed by a Deputy Manager All department heads now report to the City Manager The following senior staff report to the City Manager:.

. . Toronto Ontario Canada Business directory Toronto Ontario Canada Business directory, Thanks to its vast hinterland Toronto designers have had access to a wide array of raw materials for construction Due to the clay sediments of the former lake bed that Toronto is built upon and but more prominently the shale layer underlying this area of North America brick has been an especially cheap and available material for almost the city's entire history Much of it was provided by the Don Valley Brick Works Domtar's brick division Canada Brick and Brampton Brick whose output can still be found in thousands of structures across the city and throughout the surrounding regions Throughout the city most homes from all eras are made of brick Commercial and industrial builders also long embraced brick with the Distillery District being a prominent example though today more efficient materials such as cinder blocks are more common for commercial projects Prominent landmarks have also gone to greater expense and generally eschewed simple brick Older banks and government buildings used stone and modern attempts to marvel have embraced modern materials such as concrete and aluminum in addition to extensive glazing Even today the overwhelming bulk of residential buildings constructed in Toronto are clad in brick Sandstone was also historically a readily available building material with large deposits quarried from the Credit River valley More expensive than brick but more ornate it was used for many early landmarks such as the Ontario Legislature Old City Hall and Victoria College It is also the main material used in the unique Annex style house Industrial architecture; . . ! .