James Lawyers

. The Distillery District holds the largest collection of preserved Victorian industrial architecture in North America In the 1800s a thriving industrial area developed around Toronto Harbour and lower Don River mouth linked by rail and water to Canada and the United States Examples included the Gooderham and Worts Distillery Canadian Malting Company the Toronto Rolling Mills the Union Stockyards and the Davies pork processing facility (the inspiration for the "Hogtown" nickname) This industrial area expanded west along the harbour and rail lines and was supplemented by the infilling of the marshlands on the east side of the harbour to create the Port Lands a garment industry developed along lower Spadina Avenue the "Fashion District" Beginning in the late 19th century industrial areas were set up on the outskirts such as West Toronto/The Junction where the Stockyards relocated in 1903 the Great Fire of 1904 destroyed a large amount of industry in the downtown Some of the companies moved west along King Street some as far west as Dufferin Street; where the large Massey-Harris farm equipment manufacturing complex was located. Over time pockets of industrial land mostly followed rail lines and later highway corridors as the city grew outwards This trend continues to this day the largest factories and distribution warehouses are in the suburban environs of Peel and York Regions; but also within the current city: Etobicoke (concentrated around Pearson Airport) North York and Scarborough The West Don Lands is one of many former industrial sites in the downtown area that has undergone redevelopment Many of Toronto's former industrial sites close to (or in) Downtown have been redeveloped including parts of the Toronto waterfront the rail yards west of downtown and Liberty Village the Massey-Harris district and large-scale development is underway in the West Don Lands the Gooderham & Worts Distillery produced spirits until 1990 and is preserved today as the "Distillery District," the largest and best-preserved collection of Victorian industrial architecture in North America. Some industry remains in the area including the Redpath Sugar Refinery Similar areas that retain their industrial character but are now largely residential are the Fashion District Corktown and parts of South Riverdale and Leslieville Toronto still has some active older industrial areas such as Brockton Village Mimico and New Toronto in the west end of Old Toronto and York the Weston/Mount Dennis and the Junction areas still contain factories meat-packing facilities and rail yards close to medium-density residential although the Junction's Union Stockyards moved out of Toronto in 1994 The "brownfield" industrial area of the Port Lands on the east side of the harbour is one area planned for redevelopment. Formerly a marsh that was filled in to create industrial space it was never intensely developed its land unsuitable for large-scale development because of flooding and unstable soil it still contains numerous industrial uses such as the Portlands Energy Centre power plant some port facilities some movie and TV production studios a concrete processing facility and various low-density industrial facilities the Waterfront Toronto agency has developed plans for a naturalized mouth to the Don River and to create a flood barrier around the Don making more of the land on the harbour suitable for higher-value residential and commercial development a former chemicals plant site along the Don River is slated to become a large commercial complex and transportation hub Public spaces, 5 Controversies 1 History History Faculty of Arts.

. 82 1810 4.1 First Nations dispossession and reserves 2.2 Faculty of Arts J The following table lists the top 15 DAC 5 Digit Sectors to which UNDP has committed funding as recorded in its International Aid Transparency Initiative (IATI) publications the UNDP claims on the IATI Registry website that the data covers 100% of development flows UNDP topped the Aid Transparency Index published by Publish What You Fund in 2015 and 2016 "The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) tops the Index for the second time with an excellent score of 93.3% the only organisation to score above 90%" Committed funding (US$ millions). 68 124 Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area In November 2005 Professor Arne Kislenko won TVOntario's first Best Lecturer Series in 2006 Ryerson University had two professors in the semi-finals for TVO's second Best Lecturer Competition Philosophy professor Dr James Cunningham and radio and television arts professor Dana Lee were semi-finalists in 2006 Greg Inwood professor in the department of Politics and Public Administration was awarded the prestigious Donald Smiley Prize for his book Continentalizing Canada: the Politics and Legacy of the Macdonald Royal Commission Criminal justice history and international relations professor Peter Vronsky published Serial Killers: the Method and Madness of Monsters (2004) a bestselling history of serial homicide and more recently a controversial history of Canada's first modern battle Ridgeway: the American Fenian Invasion and the 1866 Battle That Made Canada (2011) Several factors affect citizens' health in Toronto The city has many opportunities for citizens to be physically active including bike lanes walkways and parks throughout the city Given the cultural diversity of the city there is also great diversity in the foods that citizens can consume which determines their personal nutrition Many foods for example enter the city through the Ontario Food Terminal located on the west side the city is also part of the Toronto Public Health Division and is home to many hospitals Other factors affecting health in the city include air quality in regard to smog Smog alerts are issued by Toronto Public Health when the air quality is poor enough to warrant informing some segments of the public to limit their exposure to the smog such as children the elderly and people with lung diseases or heart conditions the best and worst years for smog in the city within the last five years were respectively 2006 with 11 smog alerts and 2005 with 48 smog alerts Another risk to health for citizens is exposure to crime in the city Toronto has a rate of violent crime of 738 incidents per 100,000 people though this is still lower than the national average of 951 according to 2006 Statistics Canada data and far lower than other cities of comparable size (particularly those in the United States) A vehicle emissions testing program known as Ontario's Drive Clean began in 1999 and has had a minimal impact on smog in Toronto 2005 was Toronto's worst year on record for smog with a total of 48 smog alert days the Ontario Medical Association estimated in 2005 that total air pollution (from all sources) would cause some 5,800 deaths and 17,000 hospital admissions that year.[citation needed]. The Great Toronto Fire of 1904 destroyed a large section of downtown Toronto but the city was quickly rebuilt the fire caused more than $10 million in damage and resulted in more stringent fire safety laws and expansion of the city's fire department The city received new European immigrant groups beginning in the late 19th century into the early 20th century particularly Germans French Italians and Jews from various parts of Eastern Europe They were soon followed by Russians Poles and other Eastern European nations in addition to Chinese entering from the West As the Irish before them many of these migrants lived in overcrowded shanty-type slums such as "the Ward" which was centred on Bay Street now the heart of the country's Financial District By 1934 the Toronto Stock Exchange emerged as the country's largest stock exchange As new migrants began to prosper they moved to better housing in other areas in what is now understood to be succession waves of settlement Despite its fast-paced growth by the 1920s Toronto's population and economic importance in Canada remained second to the much longer established Montreal Quebec However by 1934 the Toronto Stock Exchange had become the largest in the country In 1954 the City of Toronto and 12 surrounding municipalities were federated into a regional government known as Metropolitan Toronto the postwar boom had resulted in rapid suburban development and it was believed a coordinated land-use strategy and shared services would provide greater efficiency for the region the metropolitan government began to manage services that crossed municipal boundaries including highways police services water and public transit In that year a half-century after the Great Fire of 1904 disaster struck the city again when Hurricane Hazel brought intense winds and flash flooding in the Toronto area 81 people were killed nearly 1,900 families were left homeless and the hurricane caused more than CA$25 million in damage In 1967 the seven smallest municipalities of Metropolitan Toronto were merged with larger neighbours resulting in a six-municipality configuration that included the former city of Toronto and the surrounding municipalities of East York Etobicoke North York Scarborough and York Construction of First Canadian Place the operational headquarters of the Bank of Montreal in 1975 During the 1970s several Canadian financial institutions moved to Toronto In the decades after World War II refugees from war-torn Europe and Chinese job-seekers arrived as well as construction labourers particularly from Italy and Portugal Toronto's population grew to more than one million in 1951 when large-scale suburbanization began and doubled to two million by 1971 Following the elimination of racially based immigration policies by the late 1960s Toronto became a destination for immigrants from all parts of the world By the 1980s Toronto had surpassed Montreal as Canada's most populous city and chief economic hub During this time in part owing to the political uncertainty raised by the resurgence of the Quebec sovereignty movement many national and multinational corporations moved their head offices from Montreal to Toronto and Western Canadian cities In 1998 the Conservative provincial government led by Mike Harris dissolved the metropolitan government despite vigorous opposition from the component municipalities and overwhelming rejection in a municipal plebiscite All six municipalities were amalgamated into a single municipality creating the current City of Toronto the successor of the old City of Toronto North York mayor Mel Lastman became the first "megacity" mayor and the 62nd Mayor of Toronto John Tory is the current mayor 21st century. . ; .