Further information: Monarchy in Ontario Executive Council of Ontario and Local government in Ontario Retail Management Windsor CMA (Lakeshore LaSalle) 307,877 323,342 319,246 329,144 3.1. . ; Givins St School (1859) Pre European contact The Ottawa River timber trade resulted from Napoleon's 1806 Continental Blockade in Europe the United Kingdom required a new source of timber for its navy and shipbuilding Later the UK's application of gradually increasing preferential tariffs increased Canadian imports the trade in squared timber lasted until the 1850s the transportation of raw timber by means of floating down the Ottawa River was proved possible in 1806 by Philemon Wright. Squared timber would be assembled into large rafts which held living quarters for men on their six-week journey to Quebec City which had large exporting facilities and easy access to the Atlantic Ocean The timber trade was Upper and Lower Canada's major industry in terms of employment and value of the product.Greening (1961) pp 111 the largest supplier of square red and white pine to the British market was the Ottawa River and the Ottawa Valley They had "rich red and white pine forests." Bytown (later called Ottawa) was a major lumber and sawmill centre of Canada Transportation and communications. Egerton Ryerson (1803-1882) 3.2.2 Suburbs 1996 58 3 Community involvement Higher education in Ontario includes postsecondary education and skills training regulated by the Ministry of Training Colleges and Universities and provided by universities colleges of applied arts and technology and private career colleges the minister is Merrilee Fullerton the ministry administers laws covering 22 public universities, 24 public colleges (21 Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology (CAATs) and three Institutes of Technology and Advanced Learning (ITALs)), 17 privately funded religious universities and over 500 private career colleges the Canadian constitution provides each province with the responsibility for higher education and there is no corresponding national federal ministry of higher education. Within Canadian federalism the division of responsibilities and taxing powers between the Ontario and Canadian governments creates the need for co-operation to fund and deliver higher education to students Each higher education system aims to improve participation access and mobility for students There are two central organizations that assist with the process of applying to Ontario universities and colleges: the Ontario Universities' Application Centre and Ontario College Application Service While application services are centralized admission and selection processes vary and are the purview of each institution Admission to many Ontario postsecondary institutions can be highly competitive Upon admission students may get involved with regional student representation with the Canadian Federation of Students the Canadian Alliance of Student Associations the Ontario Undergraduate Student Alliance or through the College Student Alliance in Ontario Culture. . .
9.3.1 MLS Golden Boot 2003 67 31 326, Population Precipitation totals in mm RTA School of Media Main article: Education in New Brunswick. . The first administrator of the UNDP was Paul G Hoffman former head of the Economic Cooperation Administration which administered the Marshall Plan Other holders of the position have included: Bradford Morse former Republican congressman from Massachusetts; William Draper venture capitalist and friend of George H.W Bush who saw one of the UN system's major achievements the Human Development Report introduced during his tenure; Mark Malloch Brown who was previously Vice President of External Affairs at the World Bank and subsequently became UN Deputy Secretary General Kemal Dervis a former finance minister of Turkey and senior World Bank official was the previous UNDP Administrator Dervis started his four-year term on 15 August 2005 Crime in Toronto has been relatively low in comparison to other major cities in 2017 a ranking of 60 cities by the Economist ranked Toronto as the fourth safest major city in the world and the safest major city in North America a CEOWORLD magazine ranked Toronto as the 95th safest cities in the world for 2018 running behind several other major cities like Tokyo Osaka Singapore Hong Kong and Taipei but ahead of any other city in North America For comparisons to various cities in North America in 2012 for example the homicide rate for the city of Toronto was 2.0 per 100,000 people, yet for Atlanta (19.0) Chicago (18.5) Boston (9.0) San Francisco (8.6) New York City (5.1) and San Jose (4.6) it was higher while it was significantly lower in Vancouver (1.2) in 2007 Toronto's robbery rate also ranked low with 207.1 robberies per 100,000 people compared to Detroit (675.1) Chicago (588.6) Los Angeles (348.5) Vancouver (266.2) New York City (265.9) Montreal (235.3) San Diego (158.8) and Portland (150.5) However in 2018 Toronto had the highest homicide rate among major Canadian cities. Toronto's homicide in 2018 was a record high at a rate was 3.11 per 100,000 people higher than the 3.05 per 100,000 people for that of New York City the number of homicides that year broke the homicide record that was set 27 years prior Contents; ! . In November 2005 Professor Arne Kislenko won TVOntario's first Best Lecturer Series in 2006 Ryerson University had two professors in the semi-finals for TVO's second Best Lecturer Competition Philosophy professor Dr James Cunningham and radio and television arts professor Dana Lee were semi-finalists in 2006 Greg Inwood professor in the department of Politics and Public Administration was awarded the prestigious Donald Smiley Prize for his book Continentalizing Canada: the Politics and Legacy of the Macdonald Royal Commission Criminal justice history and international relations professor Peter Vronsky published Serial Killers: the Method and Madness of Monsters (2004) a bestselling history of serial homicide and more recently a controversial history of Canada's first modern battle Ridgeway: the American Fenian Invasion and the 1866 Battle That Made Canada (2011) Several factors affect citizens' health in Toronto The city has many opportunities for citizens to be physically active including bike lanes walkways and parks throughout the city Given the cultural diversity of the city there is also great diversity in the foods that citizens can consume which determines their personal nutrition Many foods for example enter the city through the Ontario Food Terminal located on the west side the city is also part of the Toronto Public Health Division and is home to many hospitals Other factors affecting health in the city include air quality in regard to smog Smog alerts are issued by Toronto Public Health when the air quality is poor enough to warrant informing some segments of the public to limit their exposure to the smog such as children the elderly and people with lung diseases or heart conditions the best and worst years for smog in the city within the last five years were respectively 2006 with 11 smog alerts and 2005 with 48 smog alerts Another risk to health for citizens is exposure to crime in the city Toronto has a rate of violent crime of 738 incidents per 100,000 people though this is still lower than the national average of 951 according to 2006 Statistics Canada data and far lower than other cities of comparable size (particularly those in the United States) A vehicle emissions testing program known as Ontario's Drive Clean began in 1999 and has had a minimal impact on smog in Toronto 2005 was Toronto's worst year on record for smog with a total of 48 smog alert days the Ontario Medical Association estimated in 2005 that total air pollution (from all sources) would cause some 5,800 deaths and 17,000 hospital admissions that year.[citation needed]. .
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