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. ! . . City Solicitor Arts and Contemporary Studies Professional sports, Retired numbers These groups of later Loyalists were proportionately larger in the early decades of the province's settlement the Mennonites Tunkers Quakers and Children of Peace are the traditional Peace churches the Mennonites and Tunkers were generally German-speaking and immigrated as Later Loyalists from Pennsylvania Many of their descendants continue to speak a form of German called Pennsylvania German the Quakers (Society of Friends) immigrated from New York the New England States and Pennsylvania the Children of Peace were founded during the War of 1812 after a schism in the Society of Friends in York County a further schism occurred in 1828 leaving two branches "Orthodox" Quakers and "Hicksite" Quakers Poverty. ; Peterborough Victoria Northumberland and Clarington Catholic District School Board[c] Halton Catholic District School Board Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board[d] Toronto Catholic District School Board York Catholic District School Board. .

. Governance The land grant policy changed after 1825 as the Upper Canadian administration faced a financial crisis that would otherwise require raising local taxes thereby making it more dependent on a local elected legislature the Upper Canadian state ended its policy of granting land to "unofficial" settlers and implemented a broad plan of revenue-generating sales the Crown replaced its old policy of land grants to ordinary settlers in newly opened districts with land sales by auction it also passed legislation that allowed the auctioning of previously granted land for payment of back-taxes Canada Company, Toronto Ontario Canada Business directory The Golden Horseshoe has been recognised as a geographic region since the 1950s but it was only on July 13 2004 that a report from the provincial Ministry of Public Infrastructure Renewal entitled Places to Grow coined the term Greater Golden Horseshoe extending the boundaries west to Waterloo Region north to Barrie/Simcoe County and northeast to the county and city of Peterborough a subsequent edition released February 16 2005 broadened the term further adding Brant Haldimand and Northumberland Counties to the now quasi-administrative region the Greater Golden Horseshoe region is officially designated in Ontario Regulation 416/05 under the Places to Grow Act the designation Greater Golden Horseshoe has legal significance with respect to taxation: in April 2017 the Government of Ontario announced plans to impose a 15 per cent Non-Resident Speculation Tax (NRST) on non-Canadian citizens non-permanent residents and non-Canadian corporations (with exceptions or rebates for refugees qualifying students and certain people working in Ontario) buying residential properties containing one to six units in the Greater Golden Horseshoe (GGH) The provincial transit authority Metrolinx makes use of the term Greater Golden Horseshoe the Metrolinx definition is consistent with the original 2004 Places to Grow definition However the city and county of Peterborough is not included Demographics.